Abstract

Objective: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is an important clinical problem with high mortality and morbidity and high therapeutic costs. In this study, the values of Rockall and Glasgow-Blatchford risk scoring, Forrest classification of the patients with upper GI bleeding in prediction of mortality and morbidity are investigated.
Method: In this study, 169 patients who were admitted to emergency internal medicine in Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital due to the diagnosis of upper GI bleeding reviewed retrospectively between January 2015-January 2016. Patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to esophageal and gastric varices endoscopically were excluded from the study.
Forrest scoring’s classification was made according to the endoscopic findings. Classification of bleeding ulcers according to their appearance; Forrest 1a; gushing active bleeding, Forrest 1b; oozing active bleeding, Forrest 2a; visible non-bleeding vein, Forrest 2b; adherent clot, Forrest 2c; flat pigmented lesion, Forrest 3; no evidence of bleeding
Rockall scoring’s classification was calculated according to age, systolic blood pressure, pulse, comorbidity, endoscopic diagnosis, and endoscopic finding of recent haemorrhage. Accordingly, the patients were classified as low risk if their Rockall score was two or less. Glasgow-Blatchford scoring’s classification was calculated according to the situtation of blood urea nitrogen, haemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, pulse, presenting with melena, syncope, liver disease, and cardiac failure. In this scoring, patients may be in the range of 0-23 points and the need for endoscopic intervention increases according to the increase in the score.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 57.39±19.14. Of the patients, 72% (n=121) were male. While the presence of melan was observed in 88.7% of the cases, it was seen that in 61.9% of the cases, peptic ulcer and 12.5% of the general surgery consultation was performed
It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the Forrest classifications of the cases in terms of hospitalization duration, blood transfusion, (p>0.05). Rockall and Glasgow-Blatchford scores were statistically significantly higher in patients having hospitalisation duration, need for blood transfusion, rebleeding, intensive care follow-up, surgical intervention, and mortality (p

Key words: Forrest, Glasgow-Blatchford, Rockall, Upper GI bleeding