Six weeks feeding trial investigated the comparative evaluation of the different copper (Cu) sources (organic or nanoparticles) supplemented at 100 % or 50 % of recommended requirements replacing inorganic form with fresh or oxidized oil on the growth performance, immune response, antioxidant enzymes and hiver histopathology of broiler chickens. Birds were divided into 10 groups including group1(G1) which received the basal diet (BD) contain fresh oil and supplemented with inorganic Cu (15 mg/kg diet ), G2-G3 received Cu as the organic form (15 and 7.5 mg/kg ) and G4-G5 received Cu as Cu nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) with the same level of the organic form respectively, while groups 6-10 have the same design but the diet contain oxidized oil. Inclusion of oxidized oil in diet supplemented with different Cu sources reduced weight, increased Feed intake (FI) and deteriorated FCR when compared with those received fresh oil. Higher level of organic Cu reduced weight, while lower level or both levels of Cu-NPs non-significantly (P> 0.05) increased it. Organic Cu supplementation reduced FI, while nano Cu increased it. 50 % supplementation (7.5mg/kg diet) of requirement as organic Cu significantly (P˂ 0.05) improved average FCR. Supplementation of organic Cu or 50% Cu-NPs improved phagocytosis, lysosomal and bactericidal activity, however higher supplementation level of Cu-NPs reduced them. Inclusion of oxidized oil with different Cu sources had no adverse effect on previously mentioned immune parameters. Organic Cu or Cu-NPs with fresh or oxidized oil non-significantly (P> 0.05) increased serum MDA activity. Organic Cu supplemented birds with fresh or oxidized oil showed reduced GPx and SOD activities, while Cu-NPs increased it. Organic Cu or Cu-NPs decreased E. Coli and lactobacilli count in broiler chick's cecum. Organic or nano-Cu supplementation in oxidized oil containing diet reduced both hepatic vacuolar degeneration and inflammation.
Key words: Broiler, Organic, Nanoparticles, copper, Oxidized, oil, Growth, Immune
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