Abstract

The primary objective of the review is to correlate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics data of gentamicin. A thorough literature search was carried out using the databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane. The different types of study designs included were observational (5), prospective (7), retrospective (9), cross-sectional (2), retrospective cross-sectional (1), and retrospective cohort (1). The data were extracted from these studies and it was reviewed by the authors. A total of 149 studies were identified through the database; after removing duplicates, 100 articles were screened, 31 articles were excluded from screening, and 69 articles were included. Out of 69 articles, 26 full-text articles were included and 43 full-text articles were excluded. The dosage recommendations under different disease conditions and their minimum inhibitory concentrations were reviewed. For sepsis condition, 5 mg/kg/day is the ideal dose of gentamicin and >2 mg/l shows minimum inhibitory concentration; for urinary tract infection, 4.5–7.5 mg/kg/day dose of gentamicin shows a minimum inhibitory concentration of >2 mg/l toward organism. For severe malnutrition, 7.5 mg/kg/day dose of gentamicin showed an inhibitory concentration of >2 mg/l. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic correlation model helps to identify the concentration of gentamicin showing sensitivity and resistance toward organisms at a targeted dosage range.

Key words: Gentamicin, population pharmacokinetics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics correlation, nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NONMEM), therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), antibiotic sensitivity test (AST).