Abstract

Objective: To determine the spectrum of anemia with its frequency and etiology in a tertiary care hospital.
Methodology: It was an observational cross-sectional study with simple random sampling. Total sample size was 130. Data collection was carried out after taking consent and ethical considerations. Duration of study was from September 2018 to February 2019.
Results: Out of 130 patients, 60(46.15%) were male while 70(53.84%) female. We found Iron deficiency in 35.38% patients and anemia of chronic disease in 28.46%. Malnutrition, chronic kidney disease and Diabetes Mellitus were the common causes of anemia of chronic disease. Among the rare causes were rheumatoid arthritis (49.45%) SLE (21.75%), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (19.80%), Acute Myeloid Leukemia (18.84%), lymphomas (10.56%) and dermatomyositis 9.96%.
Conclusion: Most common type of anemia was Iron deficiency anemia caused by nutritional deficiency and menstrual irregularities. In anemia of chronic diseases, the most common causes were Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease. Anemia caused by blood cancers was rare.

Key words: Anemia,iron deficiency, malnutrition.