Diabetes mellitus (DM); is a metabolic progressive disease with a rapidly increasing prevalence. The most important factors in the treatment of DM are the education of individuals with diabetes and rational drug use. Multiple insulin therapy is started with the diagnosis in type 1 DM (T1DM),Oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) and insulin treatments are initiated together according to the glycemic status in Type 2 DM (T2DM). Problems causing irrational drug use related to OAD in DM; advanced age, multidrug use, complex drug intake program, lack of knowledge, drug-related side effects, and patient disbelief. Problems causing irrational drug use related to insülin; hypoglycemia, lipodystrophy, incorrect injection technique, insufficient and high dose administration. This situation appears as macrovascular and microvascular diseases by causing glycemic dysregulation in DM with not reaching target HbA1c values. The success of the holding of treatment in optimal status with prevention for glycemia and metabolic condition raises the quality of life in patients, prolong the patient's life expectancy and reduces costs. Doctors and insulin educators raising awareness of rational drug use in the diabetic population ensures that correct the irrational behaviors performed in the diabetic population and adopt appropriate behaviors as a lifestyle. Thus it will improve the educational content given to people with diabetes, help to improve diabetes management and behavioral change, thereby achieving appropriate glycemic goals and increasing secondary rational gains from drugs with treatment.
Key words: Diabetes mellitus, insulin therapy, oral antidiabetic, rational drug use
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