Background: Various factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and serum electrolytes affect ejection fraction (EF) improvement in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Many studies have been done to assess effect of these factors on long-term basis, but none of the studies showed effect of these factors on efficacy of PCI.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to find out the role of BP and serum electrolytes in patients of AMI and to assess the efficacy of PCI as well as to predict the prognosis in AMI patients.
Materials and Methods: It is a longitudinal, interventional study. EF of 52 patients of AMI was measured by echocardiography before and after angioplasty who had been admitted in cardiology emergency. Statistical software IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences trial version 16 was used for analysis of data.
Results: We found that as the age advances, there is less improvement in EF (P = 0.38) also as the BMI increases, improvement in EF decreases (P = 0.53). Tachycardia leads to improvement in EF (P = 0.13), while those patients who had initial abnormal BP showed less improvement in EF (P = 0.93). Serum electrolytes analysis showed that as serum sodium and potassium level increase, improvement decrease (P = 0.06), while those patients who had normal serum calcium level showed less improvement in EF (P = 0.76). Only serum sodium and serum potassium showed some significance statistically (P = 0.06).
Conclusion: Increased serum sodium and potassium level are associated with poor prognosis, while lesser age and normal BMI are associated with improved prognosis in AMI patients after PCI.
Key words: Acute Myocardial Infarction; Percutaneous Intervention; Ejection Fraction; Serum Electrolytes
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