Background: Blood is precious as well as scarce lifesaving medication. Proper screening of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), syphilis, and malarial parasite (MP) with appropriate methods is needed to ensure that the donated blood is made innocuous for transfusion.
Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of TTI and their epidemiological aspects in blood donors in a hospital-based blood bank in Nerul, Navi Mumbai.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of the total of 4708 donors was carried out from January 2015 to December 2018 year. Screening of HIV was done using the fourth-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) and HCV by the third-generation ELISA kit. Testing for syphilis was done with rapid plasma reagin and MP was tested with rapid card test.
Results: Voluntary donors were 4702 (99.9%) while replacement constituted for 6 (0.12%) number of cases. Among 4708 donors, 4079 (96%) were male and 629 (4%) were female. Among 66 (1.4%) transfusion transmitted diseases (TTD)-positive donors, the highest number of donors 28 (42%) belongs to 1827 years of age group while the lowest 5 (2%) belonged to 4857 years. Overall prevalence of HIV, HbsAg, HCV, syphilis, and MP was 0.08%, 1.1%, 0.2%, 0.04%, and 0.02%, respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence of TTD was more in males, in 1827 age groups, and in voluntary donors. The most common TTI was HBV, followed by HCV, HIV, syphilis, and MP, respectively.
Key words: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Hepatitis B Surface Antigen; Hepatitis C Virus; Malaria; Syphilis; Transfusion-transmitted Infections
|
