Abstract

Background: In many areas of the globe, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread health concern defined by the progressive loss of kidney function. The genetic contribution to the development of kidney disease is essential in forecasting risk variables and resolving genetic enigmas.
Objective: Genetic variations are among the factors that might be linked with renal disease development. This research aims to examine the relationship between five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs1126616, rs35068180, rs1800247, rs4236, and rs2248359 with the risk of developing CKD among Iraqi patients. Methods: A study involved 80 subjects, divided into fifty CKD patients and thirty healthy subjects. Genotyping was identified by applying the polymerase chain reaction followed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: Compared to the control group, the recurrences of the genotyping TT (p = 0.01) and their allelic T (p = 0.02) in the rs1126616 were considerably higher in the CKD group. Regarding of rs1800247 CT and TT genotypes and (T) allele exhibited a substantial excess in the CKD patients (p = 0.01, 0.0229, < 0.03, respectively). For rs4236, the TT genotype (p = 0.01) and T (p = 0.02) allele were significantly increased in the CKD patients. The recurrences of the genotyping TT (p = 0.02) and their allelic T (p = 0.01) in the rs2248359 were considerably greater in the CKD group.
Furthermore, the genotypes and alleles of rs35068180 showed no significant variations among CKD patients and healthy subjects. Conclusion: the results demonstrated that four genetic polymorphisms are probably biomarkers or effective participants linked to CKD patients. Also, specific genetic polymorphisms might lower or raise a patient's renal disease risk. Differences in genetic and allelic patterns can significantly impact how a disease is treated and what medicines are used.

Key words: SPSS, CYP24A1 gene, MGP, MMP-3 gene, osteocalcin.