Side effects such as hypotension and cerebral perfusion disorder may be encountered after anaesthesia induction, especially in elderly patients. Some studies have attempted to determine whether hypotension during induction and associated organ perfusion disorders can be prevented when propofol is used in combination with ketamine. However, no study has come to light investigating the effects of ketamine added to propofol on cerebral oximetry. The present study aimed to compare the effects of anaesthesia induction with propofol or propofol+ketamine (ketofol) on haemodynamic changes and cerebral oximetry in elderly patients undergoing anaesthesia induction.
A total of 40 patients were randomly divided into two groups. Cerebral oximetry sensors were placed in the right and left of the frontal region. Patients in Group P were treated with 1.5 mg/kg propofol IV induction and patients in Group K were treated with the 0.2 ml/kg ketofol IV. The patients in both groups received 0.5 mg/kg lidocaine, 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium and a 0.1 mcg/kg/min infusion of remifentanil. Heart rate (HR), systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure (SBP, DBP, MAP) and cerebral oxygen saturation (RSO2) values before and 1, 3, 5, 10, 30 and 60 minutes after induction were recorded.SBP, DBP and MAP values were significantly lower in the propofol group at 1, 3 and 5 minutes after induction (p < 0.05). The right-side RSO2 values were significantly lower at 3 and 5 minutes after induction in the propofol group compared to the ketofol group and the left-side RSO2 values were similarly significantly lower after 1, 3 and 5 minutes (p < 0.05). Ketofol used in anaesthesia induction has less effect than propofol on mean arterial pressure and cerebral oxygen saturation values. Therefore, ketofol appears to be a good choice for use in anaesthesia induction in elderly patients.
Key words: Propofol, ketamine, cerebral oximeter, elderly patients
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