Thiazide diuretics are used as one of the first-line agents to treat hypertension. However, the treated patients may have to receive multiple medications to treat comorbidities ensuing in drug-induced side effects. The present review was conducted using keywords such as drug interactions, pharmacodynamic drug interactions, thiazide diuretics, hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, and indapamide. The abovementioned words were searched in databases such as Medline, PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and reference lists. Thiazides are diuretics, known to interact with drugs such as digoxin, flecainide, and dofetilide pharmacodynamically through thiazide-induced hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hypovolemia respectively. The pharmacological interaction of thiazide diuretics with drugs such as lithium, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidiabetic, and Vitamin D has been reported. Herbs such as licorice and ginkgo were also studied for their interactivity with thiazides. Doctors and pharmacists are required to be well aware of drug-induced side effects of thiazide. This step is crucial for preventing adverse side effects.
Key words: Drug interactions, thiazide diuretics, hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide.
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