The success of any scaffold assisted regenerative therapy relies on two major factors; a conducive scaffold material and versatile, viable stem cells. In our study, we suggest chitosan/ carboxymethylcellulose scaffold functionalized with wollastonite (CaSiO3) particles as a conducive scaffold material which mimics the porous structure of the bone and promotes osteogenesis. We have paired this scaffold material with stem cells derived from dental pulp (DPSCs) which is an ideal cell source with a high percentage of stem cells and have a natural inclination towards forming hard calcified tissues. In our experiments, the cells isolated from human dental pulp produced a cell population with high percentage of cells positive for mesenchymal markers CD73 and CD90. The DPSCs were able to differentiate into osteoblasts when induced with media supplemented with β-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid and dexamethasone. Further, physicochemical analysis of CS/CMC/WS scaffold showed that it formed a highly porous structure conducive to cell growth, penetration and nutrient uptake. Further, CS/CMC/WS scaffold promoted osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. We propose CS/CMS/WS scaffold paired with DPSCs as an effective system for bone regeneration.
Key words: Adult stem cells; Mesenchymal markers; Bone regeneration; Osteogenic differentiation
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