Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery is one of the most practiced surgical procedures. Intranasal ethmoidectomy consists of the removal of the ethmoidal labyrinth; theoretically, the surgery is very simple, however many complications have been reported. Clinical case: Female patient 62 years old, operated 30 years ago, after 8 days was hospitalized for meningoencephalitis, in our assessment, a right ethmoidal meningoencephalocele and tracheal stenosis were evident. Conclusions: Endoscopic intranasal ethmoidectomy is an excellent tool. The knowledge of the anatomy and a meticulous surgical technique are the most important factors to prevent complications.
Key words: Ethmoidectomy, functional endoscopic sinus surgery, medical error
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