Objective: Increased protein and energy malnutrition due to metabolic response in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients is causing ICU stay prolongation, increased morbidity and mortality. Because doctors should be aware of basic knowledge and practice, we aimed to evaluate our nutrition profile for one year period.
Methods: We examened records of patients who were admitted to the Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic of Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital in the year 2008 retrospectively. Demographic variables, feding type, time to start feding, time to reach target calory, complications related to feding and admission duration were recorded. Variables were presented as Mean±Standard Deviation (Mean±SD).
Results: Average age of 152 patients was 49.5±24.2 years, male/female ratio was 60.5/39.5%, admission duration was 13.1±24.9 days. Feeding was started at 13.7±16th hour, target calory was reached at 53.52±53.04 hours. 31.6% of patients were feeded enteral, 30.9% parenteral, 13.8% enteral+parenteral, 11.8% oral, 2% oral+parenteral. Without nutrition 9.9% were discharged. In the parenteral feeded patients peripheric venous access was used in 14.8%, central access in 85.2%; enteral feding was performed by naso-gastric-tube in 91.3%, and in 8.7% it was performed by gastrostomy. The frequency of gastric residual volume>200ml was 1.3%. Vomiting, aspiration and diarrhea frequency was as follows: 0.1%, 0.7% and 6.6%. Pneumothorax frequency was 0.7%, catheter infection 1.3%, obstruction 2.6% and hyperglycemia 19.7%.
Conclusions: Nutrition parameters should be evaluated as soon as possible and appropriate feeding should be started after target calory calculation.
Key words: Nutrition, intensive care unit, enteral, parenteral
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