The aim of this study was to establish effective protocols in indirect somatic embryogenesis induction for the tissue culture of Digitalis purpurea in several nutrient mediums enhanced with plant-growth regulators and in the presence of light and dark factors. The results show the superiority of the Vollosovich (5C01) medium in terms of the days required for callus formation compared to the Murashige and Skoog (MS), Linsmaier and Skoog (LS), and Gamborg (B5) media in dark and light conditions. According to the callus induction index, the leaf explants were superior to the stem and root explants. Moreover, leaf explants had the highest number of indirect somatic embryos in the MS medium, with 12.50 and 14.25 in the dark and light, respectively. On the other hand, the 5C01 medium was superior for the callus induction and formation index. The results show a 95% callus induction rate at a concentration of 2 mg/L of NAA+1 mg/L of Kin in the dark and light treatments compared to all the studied treatments in the MS, LS, and B5 mediums. At a concentration of 0.25 mg/L 2.4-D+2 mg/L BA, the MS medium was better for the induction and formation index of indirect somatic embryos of the studied Callus induction from leaf explants by 52.75% in the dark treatments and by 90% in the light treatments.
Key words: Callus; Digitalis purpurea; Indirect somatic embryogenesis; Nutrient media; Plant-growth regulators.
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