In this, we use six male African ostriches aging 10-13 months. Our findings revealed the morphometric and histological structure of the African ostrich cerebellum that controls the balance and locomotion of the largest, heaviest, and fastest flightless bird. The average length, width, perimeter, and surface area of ostrich cerebella were measured. The large-sized cerebellum of the ostrich provides the bird with proper control of locomotion and balance in addition to complex cognitive abilities. Histologically, we describe the histoarchitecture of the ostrich cerebellum with the distinct three layers, molecular layer, Purkinje, and granular layers. Purkinje cell Nissl granules and cell Processes were demonstrated using special stains. The complicated cerebellar circuity and the different information inputs to the cerebellum from the vestibular system, spinocerebellar tracts, and pontine nuclei were discussed. Pontine nuclei of the ventral pons which represent the main input of information to the cerebellum were also demonstrated.
Key words: African ostrich, cerebellum, pontine nuclei, Purkinje cell.
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