Abstract

Objective: To compare the effects of dietary intervention, sun exposure, and health education on PMS severity and serum 25(OH)D levels.
Methodology: This quasi-experimental pre-test post-test-controlled design was conducted across three senior high schools from October 2024 to April 2025. A total of 130 girls aged 16–18 years identified with PMS via the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool-Adolescent (PSST-A) screening were assigned to dietary intervention (n=43), sun exposure (n=44), or health education as control (n=43). The interventions lasted eight weeks and included supervised lunch boxes (600–700 kcal/day), sun exposure (30 min, 3×/week), and health education sessions. PMS severity was assessed using the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), and serum 25(OH)D levels were measured using ELISA.
Results: Both active interventions achieved significantly higher clinical success rates than education alone (diet: 46.5%, sun: 52.3% vs. control: 11.6%, p

Key words: Premenstrual syndrome, diet, sun exposure, serum 25(OH)D, adolescent.