Painful Diabetic Neuropathy is a condition that manifest as painful sensation that affect most of the patient with diabetes. This condition is caused by prolong hyperglycaemic condition, which later causing damage to nerve cell through some classical hyperglycaemic pathway. This will result in the formation of oxidative stress and AGE/ROS which is responsible to ischaemic condition that cause the damage to nerve cells. There are transcription factors that has been studied responsible of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy, such as : NF-κB, PAI-1, Nrf2, and TGF-𝛽.
Key words: Painful Diabetic Neuropathy, transcription factors, NF-κB, PAI-1, Nrf2, and TGF-𝛽
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