Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the patterns of histopathological changes in thyroid diseases in patients who underwent thyroid surgery at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from 2016 to 2022.
Methods: A total of 210 thyroidectomy patients’ records that underwent thyroid surgery at KAUH from 2016 to 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. All cases were classified according to surgical types, i.e., total versus partial Thyroidectomy, and histological diagnosis. Data evaluation included demographic data such as age, sex, and comorbidities.
Results: A total of 210 patients were reviewed, of whom total or subtotal thyroidectomies were performed on 187 (89%), and partial thyroidectomies on 23 (11%). The most basic diagnosis, more frequently than all the other ones, was multinodular goiter, which was diagnosed in 56.1% of total/subtotal thyroidectomies and 47.8% of partial thyroidectomies. In the case of neoplastic findings, papillary thyroid carcinoma, due to its prominence, featured in 61.7% of the entire population studied in this research. There was a female predominance in thyroid disease in female to male thyroid disease ratio.
Conclusion: The notable histological pattern implied that the most common histopathological diagnosis in both genders, who had total and subtotal thyroidectomy was goiter, while the most common neoplastic diagnosis was papillary classical carcinoma, followed by follicular thyroid cancer. Knowing these outcomes could help pathologists and clinicians to have better insight regarding the morphological patterns and biological behaviors in the study region.

Key words: Histopathological pattern, thyroid diseases, thyroidectomy, retrospective, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia