Background: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been used to evaluate the impact of Anti VEGF agents in cases of macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion. This study is to associate the visual outcomes to the type of edema, reflectivity and macular thickness on OCT.
Method: Patients who were to undergo intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection for treating macular edema secondary to non-ischemic branch retinal venous occlusion (BRVO) were included in our study. The OCT findings were analyzed to assess the visual potential in these eyes. This cohort study was undertaken in 18-2016. Medical retina specialist examined all eyes. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), status of anterior and posterior segment of eyes were noted. OCT findings focused on type of edema, central retinal thickness (CRT) and reflectivity of fluid in front and within retinal layers. Macular edema was treated with IVB. On 1st follow up (6-4 weeks), BCVA, reduction in central retinal thickness and absorption of retinal fluid were noted.
Results: Our cohort had 61 eyes of 60 patients. In 32 eyes with Cystoid macular edema (CME), vision improved with an average of two lines or more. In 14 eyes with sub-retinal fluid vision was stable on 1st follow up. In 35 eyes with good reflectivity (pretreatment OCT), visual improvement was significant compared to those 26 eyes with poor reflectivity. The mean CRT declined from 373 micron to 215.5 micron. However, it was not associated with improvement of visual acuity on follow up. None of the eyes had increased intraocular pressure on first follow up.
Conclusion: OCT can guide to the prognostic outcome of patients with macular edema secondary to venous occlusion to be treated with IVB in non-ischemic branch venous occlusion.
Key words: Retinal vein occlusion, Macular edema, Intravitreal bevacizumab injection, Vision
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