Aim
The study was conducted to screen the ethanol extract of Sida rhombifolia leaves for its phytochemical constituents and elucidate some of its possible mechanism of action in lowering hyperglycemia.
Methodology
The ethanol extract of Sida rhombifolia was prepared and its effect of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) both in vitro and in vivo, and glucose uptake by muscle tissues investigated. Qualitative phytochemical screening was also conducted.
Results
Sida rhombifolia extract contained bioactive phytochemicals and showed significant dose dependent inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 831.76 and 1202.3 µg/mL respectively. It significantly promoted glucose uptake by rat hemi-diaphragms. The extract significantly reduced postprandial glycaemia in normal rats administered starch and sucrose.
Conclusion
Sida rhombifolia ethanolic extract contains bioactive compounds and displayed strong anti-diabetic properties, therefore, it has potential use as an anti-diabetic agent.
Key words: diabetes, Sida rhombifolia, α-amylase, α-glucosidase.
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