In industrialized societies, enamel caries affects the vast majority of individuals, particularly up to the age of 20 years, where after its incidence is reduced. Root-surface caries is becoming a problem in the elderly due to gingival recession
exposing the vulnerable cement to microbial colonization. Dental caries can be defined as the localized destruction of the tissues of the tooth by bacterial action.
Cavities begin as small demineralized areas on the surface of the enamel, and can progress through the dentine and into the pulp. Demineralization of the enamel is caused by acids, and in particular lactic acid, produced from the microbial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates. Lesion formation involves dissolution of the enamel and the transport of the calcium and phosphate ions away into the surrounding environment. This initial stage is reversible and demineralization can occur, particularly in the presence of fluoride.
Key words: Oral Mouth , Caries , Teeth decay , Dental Care
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