Abstract

Objective: To compare pulmonary function and hemodynamic parameters across different Body Mass Index (BMI) categories in healthy adults.
Methodology: A total of 180 healthy adults were divided into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups based on their BMI in this cross-sectional study (mean BMI: 25.10±6.55 kg/m²). FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio, VT, IRV, ERV, IC, VC, TLC, and FRC were measured by helium dilution technique. Pulse pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, MAP, and pulse rate were among the hemodynamic parameters that were recorded. SPSS was used to analyze the data.
Results: BMI had a major impact on hemodynamic and pulmonary parameters. Participants who were overweight had the highest FEV1 and FVC, while those who were obese had lower values. As BMI increased, ERV, FRC, and TLC gradually decreased. While IRV declined as BMI increased, IC and VT soared in the overweight group. There was no group difference in the FEV1/FVC ratio (p=0.18). Obese individuals had the greatest pulse rate, blood pressure, MAP, and pulse pressure, while hemodynamic parameters gradually rose with BMI.
Conclusion: Restrictive pulmonary alterations and increased cardiovascular parameters are linked to rising BMI in healthy persons. Overweight people may have non-linear tendencies that represent compensatory responses before the mechanical burden of fat.

Key words: BMI, pulmonary function, hemodynamics, cardiology medicine, spirometry, obesity.