Abstract

The clinical manifestations of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) range from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which is characterized by irreversible myocardial necrosis, to unstable angina pectoris (USAP), which is characterized by reversible myocardial cell injury. Platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and the MPV/PLT ratio have been shown in recent research to be useful indicators for atherothrombotic disease risk stratification as well as diagnosis. Our study's objective was to assess the diagnostic value of common laboratory tests utilized in emergency rooms, such as the MPV/PLT ratio, MPV, PLT count, and white blood cell (WBC) count, in patients with ACS. Because ACS is a fatal illness marked by platelet-rich thrombus development and plaque rupture, early detection is essential to lowering morbidity and mortality. There were 100 healthy controls and 137 ACS patients in the research. The subjects' clinical and demographic traits were noted. WBC, PLT, MPV, and MPV/PLT levels were compared between ACS subgroups as well as with the control group. According to our research, ACS patients had significantly lower MPV and PLT values than the control group. PLT and WBC counts were significantly greater across the ACS subgroups, although the STEMI group's MPV and MPV/PLT ratios were significantly lower than those of the NSTEMI and USAP groups. The MPV/PLT ratio was substantially lower in STEMI patients than in the control group. These findings imply that routine hemogram parameters can identify ACS before traditional biochemical markers become widely used. Specifically, low MPV and MPV/PLT ratios, as well as high PLT and WBC counts, could be early markers of STEMI.

Key words: Acute coronary syndrome, mean platelet volume, MPV/PLT ratio, platelet, emergency medicine, STEMI, NSTEMI