Objective: Multiple primary tumors (MPTs) are tumors that develop simultaneously or at different times in the same or different organs. It is divided into two groups as synchronous and metachronous tumors. Genetic instability, gene mutation, immunodeficiency, prolongation of life span with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and target treatments are among the reasons that increase the development of the second primary tumor. In our study, we aimed to present cases with MPTs accompanying gastrointestinal system (GIS) tumors with clinicopathological features.
Materials and methods: The cases having the criteria of MPT among the cases diagnosed with primary tumor discussed in the GIS councils of our hospital between 2014-2019 were included in our study.
Results: A total of 162 cases (4.7%) with a diagnosis of MPT were detected. While 52 of the cases were in the synchronous tumor and 110 were in the metachronous tumor group. Most of the patients in both groups were male (59.9%). The most common MPT groups observed in men were left colon-prostate and rectum-right colon tumors, and stomach-breast and left colon-breast tumors in women. The second primary tumors accompanying GIS tumors in the synchronous and metachronous tumor groups belonged to the GIS and urogenital system. Survival rates were lower in cases with metachronous tumors than cases with synchronous tumors, but was not statistically significant. The survival rate in cases of GIS malignancy originating from the stomach was lower compared to cases with other GIS malignancies with a statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: In terms of GIS tumors, prostate and colon tumors in men and breast tumors in women may be risk factors for the development of MPTs.
Key words: Multiple primary tumor, gastrointestinal system, synchronous, metachronous
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