Antiviral and antiparasitic activities of clovamide: the major constituent of Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight et Arn
Reham T. El-Sharawy, Ahmed Elkhateeb, Mona M. Marzouk, Rasha R. Abd El-Latif, Salah Eldeen Abdelrazig, Mohamed A. El-Ansari.
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The application of different chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques to the aqueous alcoholic leaves extract of Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight et Arn. (Mimosaceae) led to the isolation and identification of ten phenolic compounds. Clovamide, apigenin-7-O-apiosyl (1→2) glucoside and chrysoeriol-7-O-apiosyl (1→2) glucoside were isolated for the first time from the plant, in addition to previously reported four flavonol glycosides (quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside, myricetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside and myricetin-3-O-glucopyranoside), and three aglycones (myricetin, apigenin and kaempferol). Clovamide as a major constituent was investigated for its antiviral and antitrypanosomal activities. It showed a significant antiviral effect against H5N1 influenza A virus with % inhibition (74%) and a momentous trypanocidal effect against Trypanosoma evansi with IC50 value of 3.27 μg/ml, compared with the standard drug; diminazene aceturate (IC50=0.72μg/ml).
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