Abstract

This review synthesizes current evidence on how organic amendments support sustainable cultivation of pomelo (Citrus maxima). We examine compost, vermicompost, biochar, biofertilizers, and low-residue biopesticides in relation to soil function, nutrient cycling, yield, fruit quality, and environmental outcomes. Across studies, organic inputs consistently improve soil structure, nutrient retention, and microbial activity while reducing dependence on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. We summarize practical, orchard-ready strategies for pomelo – building soil organic matter, co-applying biochar with organics, targeted microbial inoculation at establishment, and integrating biopesticides within integrated pest management calendars – and outline implementation using soil and leaf diagnostics. Notably, most reported benefits are generalized from other crops; robust pomelo-specific, long-term field trials that quantify yield, quality, and farm economics remain limited. We, therefore, propose a research agenda prioritizing multi-season, orchard-scale evaluations, and decision-relevant economic metrics. Overall, organic amendments provide a credible pathway to align consumer health, environmental stewardship, and grower viability in pomelo systems while addressing soil degradation and pollution.

Key words: Organic amendments, Citrus maxima, Sustainable agriculture, Soil fertility Biofertilizers