Background: Andrographis paniculata is extensively used in the Southeast Asia in treating different kinds of diseases.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to determine the chemical constituents of A. paniculata extract and its therapeutic and prophylactic effects on aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in male albino mice using histopathological analysis.
Materials and Methods: Lyophilized filtered leaf extract of A. paniculata was administered to the experimental subjects at varying doses of 25%, 50%, and 75% concentrations once a day for 3 consecutive days in the prophylactic group followed by aspirin administration for another 3 days. For the therapeutic group, aspirin was administered first and after 3 days, plant extract was administered for 3 consecutive days. On the 7th day, longitudinal sections of the gastric tissue from the fundus of the mice were excised for histopathologic analysis using light microscopy to assess gastric mucosal lesions, presence of necrosis, and degree of inflammation.
Results: Phytochemical tests on A. paniculata extract revealed the presence of tannins, glycosides, reducing substances, terpenoidal compounds, and flavones. Administration of 25%,50%, and 75% A. paniculata extract remarkably decreased the severity of ulceration, hastened regeneration and repair, and produced normal gastric mucosa, respectively. The prophylactic group showed similar results regardless of A. paniculata extract concentration in delaying gastric ulcer progression.
Conclusion: Crude extract of A. paniculata plant has an ulcer healing and prophylactic potential.
Key words: Andrographis paniculata; Aspirin; Sucralfate; Gastric Ulcer; Prophylaxis
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