The study of parthyroid gland enhanced and provided basic and clinical investigative information in endocrinology and related research fields, such as Animal breeding and Biotechnology. The aim of the work was to evaluate histological and histochemical studies of parathyroid gland in indigenous one-humped camel. Thirty (30) one-humped camels grouped into juvenile (Group A), adult (Group B), and old ages (Group C), respectively were used for the study. The camel parathyroid glands tissues to be studied were obtained from the Kano Abattoir. The gland were dissection of the parathyroid glands using stand protocols and immediately fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The glands were prepared for standard histological study using haematoxylin and eosin (H and E) for light microscopy. For histochemical studies, Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) special stain to demonstrate glycogen and glycoprotein was used. The results showed that the parathyroid glands are surrounded by a thin capsule of connective tissue. It has abundant stroma of connective tissue, with big smooth muscles all over. The tissue of the parathyroid gland consists of clusters of principal or chief cells. There are two different functional stages of the principal cell. The light principal cell has a large, pale nucleus and pale cytoplasm (described as inactive). The dark principal cell is a smaller cell, with a small, dark nucleus and a dark cytoplasm (active cell) The presence of oxyphil cells was observed. Histochemically studies showed that the tissue of the parathyroid gland in indigenous one-humped camel reacted negatively to the periodic acid Schiff (PAS). In conclusion, the parathyroid gland consisted of densely packed chief cells (light and dark cells), oxyphil cells, and abundance of adipose cells in the adult males and females, but absent in the younger group. The cells reacted negatively to PAS.
Key words: Histology, histochemistry, parathyroid gland, one-humped camel, Nigeria
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