Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) belongs to Sapindaceae family. We examined the antiproliferative activity of longan leaf extracts against cancer drived cell lines in vitro. The tested samples were water extract, ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction of longan leaf. Cytotoxicity test is against brine shrimps that was screened using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Antiproliferative activity assay on WEHI-164 cells (mouse fibrosarcoma cancer cell), THP-1 cells (human peripheral blood acute monocyte cell), and vero cells (non-cancer or normal cell) that was conducted using haemocytometer with Trypan Blue Dye exclusion. The 50% lethality concentration (LC50) value of water extract, ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction were 854.64 𝜇g/ml, 305.81 𝜇g/ml, 446.55 𝜇g/ml, 1313.44 𝜇g/ml, and 1621.8 𝜇g/ml. Ethanol extract exhibited significantly cytotoxic due to lowest LC50 value. Ethanol extract was then used for further examination. The highest antiproliferative activity was achieved 44.93% by 600 𝜇g/ml ethanol extract on WEHI-164 and 57.45% by 500 𝜇g/ml ethanol extract on THP-1. It was significantly equal to doxorubicin antiproliferative activity. Ethanol extract dose had low effect to vero cells. This present study confirmed that longan leaf ethanol extract posses marked antiproliferative activity on cancer drived cell lines.
Key words: antiproliferative, cancer cell lines, cytotoxicity, in vitro, longan leaf
|
