Andrographolide is the main bioactive component of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees) which has been traditionally used as pain reducer in Indonesia. Our previous study showed that boiled water of Andrographis paniculata herbs, calculated as andrographolide, administered in healthy rabbits, was fastly absorbed from the stomach (tmax 1 hour), distributed in the circulation system (tmax 1.5 hours) and metabolized in the liver (tmax 2 hours), in subsequent process. In this work, we investigated the chromatogram profile of andrographolide in A23187 induced-New Zealand rabbits urine and faeces. Prior to be treated, the animals were given orally 40 mg of andrographolide. Urine and faeces were collected during 2 x 24 hours then were extracted using a mixture of ethyl acetate-water (1:1). The water extract was further analyzed using reversed-phase HPLC with methanol-water (55:45) as mobile phase, flow rate 1 mL/minute for faeces and 0.5 mL/minute for urine. Detection was set at λ = 227 nm. HPLC chromatogram showed that andrographolide was not detected in the urine while compounds with higher polarity were observed at 3.0 to 6.0 minutes of elution. Andrographolide was still detected in faeces along with a more nonpolar compound. It could be concluded that andrographolide showed a good bioavailability in rabbit. This compound was metabolized and excreted in the form of more polar compounds in urine and a more nonpolar compound in faeces.
Key words: antiinflammation, calcium ionophore, conjugation, cyclooxygenase, drug metabolism, inflammation, pharmacokinetics
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