Abstract

Gallbladder torsion is a rare surgical disorder that occurs when certain anatomical variants of the gallbladder rotate along the axis of the cystic vascular pedicle. The previous literature puts the rate of correct preoperative diagnosis at less than 10%, and delay in management has the potential to increase morbidity and mortality. In recent years, there have been significant advances in imaging techniques. Hence, a systematic analysis of 43 case reports with 44 cases published between 2020 and 2024 was undertaken to understand the current literature with respect to various variables. Only 41% of cases were diagnosed preoperatively despite the use of the latest imaging modalities, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was the most common surgical management approach. There is a need to enhance awareness among the healthcare providers about gallbladder torsion.

Key words: Gallbladder torsion, gangrene, cholecystectomy, hemorrhagic necrosis, detorsion, whirl sign, bullseye image, systematic review