The main risk factors for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are age, lifestyle, and diet. The pathogenesis of GDM is characterized by β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR). As a result of IR's indirect impact on important metabolic enzymes, diabetic people are also more susceptible to aberrant cholesterol and lipoprotein levels. Recent research, however, raised the possibility that lipid alterations might really be the cause of poor glucose metabolism rather than just a symptom of it. The fluidity and permeability of cell membranes, as well as the translocation of glucose transporters and insulin receptor binding and signaling, are all influenced by free fatty acids (FFAs). Thus, it is hypothesized that FFAs may be crucial in the emergence of IR and GDM. The purpose of the current review was to examine FFAs' roles in the pathogenesis of GDM, as it has yet to be fully elucidated.
Key words: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Oxidative stress, insulin Resistance, Free fatty acids, Insulin signaling.
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