Background: This report provides a molecular cytogenetic characterization of an Omani girl with 19p13.12 microdeletion and compares her clinical features of global developmental delay (GDD) and multiple congenital anomalies with the gene mutations and disorders associated with this locus.
Case Presentation: The 4-year-old Omani girl presented to the National Genetic Center with the following clinical features: GDD, hypotonia, multiple congenital anomalies, facial dysmorphism, and skeletal anomalies. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) identified a 1.913 Mb de novo microdeletion in the patient within 19p13.12. The deletion includes 53 genes, of which 35 are Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) genes. The deleted region includes NFIX (OMIM #164005), CACNA1A (OMIM # 601011) and NACC1 (OMIM # 610672) genes which are previously reported to be associated with the presented clinical features.
Conclusion: 19p13.12 microdeletion syndrome is a rare condition for which only one prenatal and 5 postnatal cases have been reported previously. This case of 19p13.12 microdeletion syndrome is the first case to be reported in Oman as well as in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC) and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).
Key words: Comparative genomic hybridization, 19p13.12 deletion, dysmorphism
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