Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration, with a subsequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. The consequences of osteoporosis include the physical, financial, and psychosocial effects, which significantly influence the patient as well as the family and community. This research was done to study the risk factors associated with osteoporosis in Saudi female patients referred to Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan unit.

Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted on 313 Saudi women in King Fahad medical city in Riyadh city. Data were collected from the medical record of patients over the last 5 years. All Saudi female patients who were found to have osteoporosis or osteopenia were included. Patients who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or were on corticosteroids, hormonal therapy, or anticonvulsants were excluded.

Results: There was a significant increase in the percentage of women with osteoporosis as the number of risk factors increased (p-value < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the percentage of osteoporosis in normal or low vitamin D patients (p-value = 0.917).

Conclusion: It was concluded that low bone mineral density in the form of osteopenia and osteoporosis is a common problem within Saudi women. It is related to many factors such as aging, menopause, and hypertension.

Key words: Osteoporosis, Saudi female patients, DEXA scan