Abstract

Background:
Cattle have a high potential for meat and calf production due to their flexibility and high-quality reproduction. Bacterial illnesses, on the other hand, pose a hazard to optimal reproduction.

Aim:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the amount and kinds of bacteria in the vagina of pregnant calves.

Methods:
Using normal culture testing, a study carried out with the secretions of the vagina. healthy pregnant Cross-breed cattle from the farm in order to detect the vaginal microbes. The study included 44 crossbred cows who were 3, 6, and 9 months pregnant, as well as six of each regular cycle (proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus). Using a syringe and pipette, aseptic cervicovaginal mucus/discharge samples were obtained during pregnancy, non-pregnancy, and postpartum. Gram's staining and biochemical tests were used to identify the samples after they had been managed for culture isolation on Blood agar and MacConkey agar.

Results:
All 44 vaginal swabs (100%) from cattle with different physiopathological conditions contained bacteria. During pregnancy, in descending order, were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas, Bacillus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Salmonella, and Micrococcus. The results showed that the vagina of crossbred cattle with different physiological circumstances had a vast diversity of bacteria.

Conclusion:
Consequently, it is concluded that the vaginal cavity of pregnant cows demonstrates bacterial isolate dynamics influenced by endocrine conditions, highlighting its importance in the reproductive physiopathology of crossbred cattle.

Key words: Bacteria, Cattle, Pregnancy rate, Vagina Swab