Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum uric acid (UA) levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) among King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) patients.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study collected patient information from the KAUH between January 2010 and December 2022. The study included the history of CKD and documented serum UA levels. Afterward, their demographics, comorbidities, smoking status, CKD stage, electrolytes, renal function test, lipid profile, complete blood count, medication, and health status were assessed.
Results: A study of 122 patients with CKD, mainly males (68%). CKD stage 5 showed a significant association with serum UA levels (beta = 128, 95% CI, 6.74-248, p = 0.041). Most patients were non-smokers (91.5%), with common conditions including heart failure, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, dyslipidemia, and gout. Nine patients died, with septic shock being the leading cause. No significant associations were found between serum UA levels and comorbidities. Calcium channel blockers (beta = 78.4, 95% CI, 32.1-125, p = 0.001) and diuretics (beta = 102, 95% CI, 25.8-179, p = 0.010) were significantly associated with serum UA levels, with a significant correlation observed among patients taking these medications.
Conclusion: The study found CKD stage 5 patients had a significant association with elevated serum UA levels, but no correlation was found with CVD risk. The authors recommended prospective cohort studies, larger sample sizes, and extending research to different locations in future studies.
Key words: Chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, uric acid, CKD stage
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