The canine cecum plays a vital role in the digestive process. It is erroneous to define the cecum in a canine as the first compartment of the large intestine because the ileum communicates solely with the colon. The cecum is described as the diverticulum of the colon's proximal region. This study aimed to conduct two operative techniques: partial and complete typhlectomy. Samples were taken from eight dogs, the morphometric parameters of the cecum were assessed, and gross examination followed operations studied. Morphometric evaluation of the cecum revealed the unique anatomical structure of the dog’s cecum, which appeared in the shape of a typical “S” letter blind end diverticulum upward colon and was not defined as the first part of the large intestine, attached to the adjacent ileum through the ileocecal fold and into the colon with the cecocolic fold. The ileocecocolic inner orientation, ileocolic orifice between the colon and ileum, and the cecocolic orifice between the colon and cecum are the only directions of the cecum, as there is no direction between the cecum and ileum. Two dogs underwent exploratory laparotomies two months after surgery. Partial typhlectomy gross examination revealed apparent cecal folds extended to the first part of the proximal colon, and the cecal folds showed uniformly different lymphatic notches on the mucosal surface with a smooth, rounded elevation. In Conclusion, this study highlights the necessity of typhlectomy for treating cecal affections in dogs. Partial typhlectomy offers improved clinical recovery than complete typhlectomy, with minimal complications, accentuating the importance of preserving the ileocolic junction.
Key words: Cecum, Morphometry, Gross Examination, Typhlectomy, Dog
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