Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication seen in both type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and worldwide incidince is increasing. Hemodynamic, metabolic and genetic factors are responsible take part in the pathogenesis. First finding is microalbuminuria (30-300 mg/day or 20-200 µ/min.). Screening for microalbuminuria should be performed once a year, starting 5 years after diagnosis in type 1 DM and at diagnosis in type 2 DM patients. Hyperglycemia, hypertension, smoking, high dietary protein, hyperlipidemia, sex, race, obesity and genetic tendency were identified as independent risk factors in the development and progression of DN. Good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7%), treating hypertension (< 130/80 mmHg or < 125/75 mmHg if proteinuria > 1.0 g/day), treating dyslipidemia (LDL cholesterol
Key words: Diabetic nephropathy, prevention, treatment
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