Background: Hypertension, a cardiovascular disease, is characterized by a blood pressure reading of ≥130/80 mmHg, as defined by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. It is classified into essential or primary and secondary types. Hypertension is a significant risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease and mortality.
Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from adults aged over 35 years in tertiary hospitals in Riyadh. A total of 917 patients with hypertension were interviewed, with 493 females and 424 males.
Results: Most participants were of Saudi nationality, uninsured, unemployed or housewives, illiterate, and from low socioeconomic backgrounds. The most common co-morbidities among the participants were diabetes mellitus (61.6%) and coronary artery disease (CAD) (23.9%). Tea was the preferred beverage (50.7%). This study focused on demographic characteristics, complications, dietary choices, smoking habits, symptoms, and medication use in patients with hypertension. Complications such as diabetes, CAD, and obesity were observed. Most participants reported healthy dietary choices and were non-smokers. Common symptoms included angina, leg pain, and vision changes. Antihypertensive uses varied, with many patients taking a single medication. The study provided valuable insights into hypertension management and healthcare interventions.
Conclusion: Most patients with hypertension have diabetes mellitus or CAD. Most take one anti-hypertensive and adhere to smart dietary choices. Cardiovascular symptoms were often reported for 1 year or more. Patients with hypertensin and diabetes suffer from atrial fibrillation and dyslipidemia. Most patients were satisfied with their overall well-being and quality of life was maintained.
Key words: Hypertension, factors associated, complications, quality of life
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