Multiple myeloma is a cancer in the blood that develops in the plasma cells of bone marrow. Classic treatments for this cancer include chemotherapy and a newly found therapy known as CAR-T therapy that has already been found to have a significant effect on cancer patients who have been newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma. As this is a new yet commonly researched and observed therapy, newer drugs have begun to emerge through the biosynthetic mechanisms of molecular and cell modification in the efficiency and effectiveness of recent drugs including Daratumumab, Elotuzumab, and Isatuximab, that assist in patients that have relapsed or have been re-diagnosed with multiple myeloma after prior treatments such as chemotherapy. These drugs incorporate the utilization of monoclonal antibodies and their ability to defend the immune system and fight off foreign antigens. Alongside these emerging treatments, is the new specialization of immunotherapy and immunocytokines. These proteins have been found to successfully fight off tumor cells by communicating with the immune system, and have shown assuring results. The following review aims to focus on these newly discovered antibody targets including CD38 (Daratumumab and Isatuximab), and SLAM7 (Elotuzumab) for the treatment of multiple myeloma in clinical research.
Key words: Multiple Myeloma, Genetic Engineering, Monoclonal Antibodies, CAR-T Therapy, Immunocytokines, Daratumumab, Elotuzumab, Isatuximab.
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