Objective: To study the pattern of antimicrobial sensitivity to Salmonella Typhoid in Southern part of Pakistan.
Methodology: This retrospective analysis included all blood culture samples positive for Salmonella typhi, paratyphi A, and paratyphi B in adults of age >18 years seen at Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College and Hospital, Sukkur from January to December 2017. Multidrug resistant (MDR) typhoid was defined as the strains resistant to all first line agents. Extended drug resistant (XDR) cases were taken as those resistant to all first line agents along with resistance to fluoroquinolones and ceftriaxone. Data were analyzed using SPSS version. 21.0
Results: Of 465 salmonella positive isolates, 69.4% were S. typhi, 20.6% were S. paratyphi A and 9.9% were S. paratyphi B. S. typhi was more common in males (52.6%). Among the S. typhi strains, ciprofloxacin showed highest resistance (62.5%); ceftriaxone showed a resistance of 20.7%. There were 17% MDR and 3.7% XDR strains of S. typhi.
Conclusion: There is alarming rise in antimicrobial resistance against Salmonellae in Pakistan. Surveillance studies must be used to monitor the typhoid spread and its evolving antimicrobial resistance.
Key words: Antibiotic resistance, typhoid, enteric fever, salmonella, Pakistan.
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