Abstract

Chronopharmacology is a multidisciplinary field that investigates the impact of biological rhythms on drug effects and responses. It aims to optimize drug therapy by considering the timing and rhythm characteristics of biological events. Chronopharmacology focuses on designing drug dosing schedules that align with the body’s natural biological rhythms, enhancing drug efficacy and safety while reducing adverse reactions. This approach holds significant promise in pharmacology and drug therapy, as it can revolutionize medication administration and patient care. Chronotherapeutics involves timing interventions such as surgery, physical agents, and psychotherapy to minimize toxicity and enhance treatment efficacy. It benefits translational medicine by considering underlying circadian rhythms in drug pharmacology, including pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, as well as patients’ physiology and disease pathology. Recent research focuses on targeting treatments toward rhythm-generating biologic timing systems to improve outcomes. Chronopharmacology has shown potential advantages in treating disorders such as peptic ulcer disease, cancer, allergic rhinitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Challenges for chronopharmacology include lack of translation research, variability in therapeutic responses, replication of findings, optimized drug dosing schedules, clinical implementation, clock disruption, and standardization of chronopharmacological guidelines. In terms of pharmacology and medication therapy, chronopharmacology has a lot of promise. This strategy has the potential to change medicine administration and enhance patient care by utilizing biological rhythms and optimizing drug dose schedules. To fully realize the promise of chronopharmacology in clinical practice, additional study and validation of findings are required.

Key words: Biological Rhythm; Chronopharmacology; Chronopharmacokinetics; Chronesthesy; Chronopharmacodynamics; Chronotherapeutics