Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of microorganisms which were isolated as
etiologic agents of nosocomial infections and to understand their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in our hospital.
Methods: Between October 2001 and May 2002, nosocomial infections were determined by laboratory dependent
surveillance system in the University Hospital, which has 750 bed capacities.
Results: Between these dates, 294 hospital-acquired infections were detected in 193 patients from 8677 hospitalized
patients. The nosocomial infection rate was found 3.4%. The infection rate was highest in the Newborn Unit (21%),
the Internal Medicine Intensive Care Unit (14%), the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (11.5%) and the Pediatric Surgery
(%10), respectively. The most common nosocomial infections observed were bacteremia (31.4%), which followed
by respiratory system infections (30.3%) and urinary tract infections (20.2%). The most common etiologic agent was
Staphylococcus aureus (%30.8). Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) rate was 89.6% in nosocomial S. aureus
strains. Ciprofloxacin and clindamycin resistance rates were 91.9% and 28% in 87 MRSA strains, respectively.
Klebsiella spp. (12.1%), E. coli (7.9%) and Acinetobacter spp. (5.7%) were most common gram negative nosocomial
infectious agents. Carbapenem, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin resistances were found 12.5%, 50%, and 25% among
Pseudomonas spp. strains, respectively. There was no resistance for ciprofloxacin and carbapenem (except one strain)
in Klebsiella spp., but third generation cephalosporin resistance rate was 36%.
Conclusion: MRSA rate is so high in S. aureus strains and prevention and control measurement for this
microorganism must be performed immediately in our hospital. Also increasing ceftazidime and carbapenem
resistance among Pseudomonas strains is taking attention.
Key Words: Nosocomial Infection, Surveillance, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Gram Negative Bacteria.
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