Background/aim: Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal system bleedings (NVUGISB) are one of the most frequent emergencies seen in the gastroenterology clinics. In the present study, we aimed to determine the etiologic and risk factors, treatment modalities and mortality rate of NVUGISB cases.
Material and methods: 524 cases with NVUGISB referred to İnönü University Medical School, Gastroenterology Department between 2003-2007 years and examined with endoscopy were evaluated retrospectively in terms of demographical characteristics, etiology, risk factors, treatment modalities and mortality.
Results: Mean age of 404 male (77%) and 120 female (23%), 524 cases in total was 58.4 (18-92). 217 of the cases (41%) were smoking, 36 (7%) were drinking alcohol, 143 (27%) were using acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), 21 (23%) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), 28 (5%) anticoagulant agent, 5 (1%) corticosteroid, and 269 (51%) had co-morbidity. The first three most common causes of bleeding detected by endoscopy were duodenal ulcer (245 (47%)), gastric ulcer 122 (%23) and erosive bulbitis (37 (7%)). 503 (%96) of the cases responded to medical therapy whereas 11 (2.1%) cases required surgical intervention. Only ten patients (1.9%) died.
Conclusion: Duodenal ulcer is the most common cause of NVUGISB detected by endoscopy. ASA or NSAID were found as risk factors in half of the bleeding cases. Bleeding is seen in males and elders more commonly and advanced age and co-morbid diseases increase the mortality.
Key Words: Upper gastrointestinal system bleeding, Etiology, Mortality
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