Temperature regulation is crucial for treating and preventing brain damage and the death or disability that follows in people who have cardiac arrest outside of a hospital. Hence, this review was conducted between 2020 and 2023 to evaluate the impact of therapeutic hypothermia in post-cardiac arrest patients. The literature for pertinent studies was searched using Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PubMed. Various combinations of the terms “therapeutic,” “hypothermia,” “post,” “cardiac,” “arrest,” and “mortality” were used. Only eight of the 105 articles that were gathered met the criteria for inclusion. The research population consisted of 7,192 individuals who had cardiac arrest. Patients who had out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) showed more positive outcomes and full recovery if they were cooled down early. Compared to cooling that was begun at the hospital, intra-arrest cooling, which began less than 20 minutes after the collapse, did not result in better neurological results. When comparing patients with hypothermia with normothermia, it was shown that hypothermia patients had superior results as compared to normothermic patients. Nevertheless, after 6 months, there was no difference in mortality when the body temperature was lowered to 33°C after an OHCA as opposed to keeping it at a normal level. Following an OHCA, there was often only little cognitive impairment.
Key words: Therapeutic, hypothermia, cardiac arrest, mortality, systemic review
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