This study aligns with SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being, focusing on maternal and child health. It aims to address targets related to reducing maternal mortality, ensuring universal access to reproductive healthcare, and preventing avoidable deaths among newborns and children under five. The study analyzes the current status of maternal and child health, examining progress, challenges, and potential pathways for improvement. The research employs a rigorous methodology, including a comprehensive literature review, data analysis, and established frameworks. Diverse data sources are utilized to provide a nuanced understanding of regional variations in maternal and child health. The study highlights key insights into maternal and child health within the SDG framework, revealing both advancements and ongoing challenges. Sub-Saharan Africa, despite a decline from 400 to 250 per 100,000 live births, continues to have the highest rates. South Asia has shown steady progress, reducing its rate from 220 to 150. North America maintains low rates, with a decrease from 15 to 10. Other regions, including Latin America and the Caribbean, Eastern Europe and Central Asia, and the Middle East and North Africa, demonstrate varied progress, indicating the need for region-specific interventions. Sub-Saharan Africa lags in antenatal care coverage (70%), skilled birth attendance (60%), and access to family planning services (45%). North America exhibits high coverage (95% for antenatal care, 98% for skilled birth attendance) and access (92% for family planning services). South Asia shows moderate improvements but still faces challenges compared to North America. Sub-Saharan Africa has a high under-five mortality rate (50 per 1,000 live births), with pneumonia, malaria, and birth complications as leading causes. South Asia has reduced its rate to 30, with diarrheal diseases and malnutrition being major contributors. North America has a low mortality rate (4 per 1,000 live births), with congenital anomalies, accidents, and infections as primary causes. The study synthesizes insights on the interconnection between maternal and child health and broader SDGs, emphasizing the importance of socio-economic factors, equitable healthcare access, and global collaboration. The findings provide a foundation for actionable recommendations to advance the global agenda for improving maternal and child health.
Key words: Child Mortality, Global Health, Maternal and Child Health, Maternal Mortality, Preventable Deaths
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