This study, titled "The Geometric Alignment of Western Bypass, FCT, Abuja", focuses on the geometric improvement of the Western Bypass, a critical road in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Abuja, Nigeria. The study involves tasks such as creating road alignment, plotting alignment profiles using coordinates (easting and northing), analyzing cross-sections and elevations, and conducting various analyses to select the optimal alignment while adhering to design standards. Geometric Alignment in highway engineering enhances road safety, traffic efficiency, and overall performance. However, manual geometric design is often inconvenient, time-consuming, and prone to costly errors.
The Western By-Pass, a bituminous road, has experienced significant deterioration due to constraints such as traffic growth, inadequate geometric features, and environmental conditions. This has led to discomfort, safety concerns, and increased accidents. The primary goal of this research is to propose an improved geometric alignment that optimizes safety, efficiency, and comfort while minimizing environmental impact. The study evaluates existing road conditions, assesses traffic volume and speed variations, and proposes geometric improvements such as shoulder widths, lane widths, and horizontal and vertical alignment.
The research methodology includes the use of computer-aided design (CAD) software such as AutoCAD Civil 3D, Blender, and Revit to ensure precision and efficiency in the design process. The findings of this study are crucial for improving the socio-economic development of the FCT by enhancing road safety and traffic flow. The specific objectives of the research include determining the existing highway capacity, speed variations, and traffic volume, and proposing a geometric alignment that adheres to national design standards. The existing road spans 5.8km and has a design speed of 68km/h. The study evaluated the roads the roads' horizontal and vertical alignments, cross sections, and other geometric features to ensure smooth directional changes and improved traffic flow. The analysis included calculating cumulative cut volume, filled volume, and net volume to assess the road's current condition and propose necessary improvements. The findings aim to optimize the roads' performance, minimize environmental impact, and ensure more efficient transportation for users.
Key words: Geometrical Alignment, Highway design, Infrastructure, Western Bypass, Road Safety, Speed variations, Traffic efficiency, and Highway Capacity.
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