Thrombotic microangiopathy is a microvascular occlusive disorder characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and variable signs of organ injury due to platelet thrombosis in the microcirculation. Regarding to the severe of brain or renal lesions, two clinical entities (pathologically similar but clinically different) are described: thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura usually affect adults, and is characterized by severe neurologic involvement in most cases, and variable renal involvement. Hemolytic uremic syndrome occurs in young children, and is characterized by acute renal failure, and absent or minimal neurologic abnormalities. In this case report, the clinical features, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of an adult with acute renal failure due to the thrombotic microangiopathy with hemolytic uremic syndrome are discussed.
Key words: Acute Renal Failure, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome, Intensive Care.
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