Eighteen adult male albino rats weighing approximately 100-120 gm were used in the present work. They were arranged into two main groups; control and experimentally diabetic group. Experimental diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 60mg streptozotocin/kg BW in citrate buffer pH 4.6. After one-month treatment, the animals were sacrificed and femurs were removed and processed for histological examination, as well as X-ray analysis. The results showed structural thinning of femoral epiphyseal cartilage associated with marked degeneration of chondrocytes, abnormal derangement of epiphyseal line and atrophy of trabecular bone. X-ray analysis revealed disruption of calcium and phosphorus mineralization causing osteoporosis of bone. Atomic absorption analysis showed that the femur of diabetic rats exhibited a decrease of calcium and increase of ash content. The present work provides novel evidence for the presence of bone defects and loss of bone integrity in femur of diabetic rats. These framework of bone dysfunction in diabetes supported regular treatment of the disease and investigation to prevent the complication of osteoporosis.
Key words: Femur, diabetes, calcium, phosphorus, histopathology
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