Objectives: This study aimed to describe the overall prevalence of BMS among both genders and Covariants/risk factors that were directly or indirectly associated with BMS, in patients visiting Khyber College of Dentistry Peshawar KPK.
Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on patients visiting the Department of Oral Medicine, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar, KPK, for examination and diagnosis of chronically suffering pain in the oral cavity from January 2018 to January 2019. Patients were thoroughly evaluated for burning mouth syndrome by an expert oral pathologist and maxillofacial surgeon. A non-probability convenient sampling technique was used with a calculated sample size of 119 patients, an anticipated proportion of 0.09, and a 95% confidence interval. The age was divided into five-decade age sub-groups (20–30 years, 31–40 years, 41–50 years, 51–60 years, and above 61 years).
Results: The male-to-female ratio was found to be 2.75:1.67. The mean age group recorded was 51±8 years. The nature of the pain associated with BMS was described as a burning sensation or discomfort in the majority of the patients (108, 90.75%). The frequency of the pain was in a continuous pattern (77, 64.70%). The common local factor found to be more associated with BMS in both genders was a fissured tongue, followed by xerostomia. The relationship was significant between local factors and BMS, with a p-value of 0.01. The most common systemic illness in males was diabetes, while most females were post-menopause. Psychologically, females were more stressed (24, 20.16%) than males (13, 10.92%). The association of the psychological elements with BMS also carried a significant relationship (P = 0.02)
Conclusion: The predominant age group for the presentation of the BMS in both genders was 51-60 years and the local and systemic risk factors were found to have a statistically significant relationship with the BMS. Among females, the most common local factor was candidiasis followed by xerostomia. More than one local factor was found to be involved in the genesis of BMS. The systemic factor was also found to have a significant relationship with BMS.
Key words: Keywords: Burning Mouth Syndrome, Fissured tongue, risk factors
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